How a heat pump water heater works
A conventional electric water heater turns electricity directly into heat with a heating element. A heat pump water heater works more like a refrigerator running in reverse. A small compressor and fan pull heat out of the air around the unit and transfer it into the water in the tank. It moves heat rather than making it, which is why these units use electricity in a different way than a standard element does.
Most models also include backup heating elements. The unit can switch between modes, for example when hot water demand is high, and many let you choose a setting that favors speed or a setting that favors using the heat pump. Ask the technician how the controls on the model you are considering behave and what each mode is for.
Is one right for your home
A heat pump water heater tends to suit homes where the unit can sit in a space with enough surrounding air, such as a larger utility room, garage or basement, and where electricity is the available or preferred fuel. It is also worth a look if you are replacing an electric tank, since it uses the same kind of electrical supply.
It is not right for every house. A small closet with no airflow is a poor spot, because the unit needs air to draw heat from. A very cold unheated space can reduce how well the heat pump works. If you have a gas water heater and a good gas supply, a gas tank or a tankless unit may be simpler. Our water heater replacement page and our guide on tankless versus tank can help you compare.
- Good fit: electric water heater being replaced, open utility room, garage or basement, solar panels on the roof
- Needs a closer look: tight closets, very cold spaces, homes where hot water use is heavy and constant
- Probably not the first choice: homes set up around gas where the gas water heater location works well
Pairing with solar panels
If your home has solar panels, a heat pump water heater is an especially good match. It runs on electricity, so solar production can offset the power it uses, and the tank can hold hot water for later, which gives you flexibility in when the unit heats. Many models have settings for scheduling, and your installer can help you think through when it makes sense to heat.
How much the panels cover depends on the size of your solar system and your household's hot water habits. Check with your solar provider about how your system is set up before making assumptions.
Installation considerations
These units are physically different from a standard tank, and the differences affect where one can go and what the installer needs to provide.
- Space and airflow: the unit needs clearance around it and a room large enough that it is not starved of air. Manufacturers publish minimum room volume and clearance requirements, and a technician checks them against your space.
- Cooler exhaust air: the unit blows out air that is cooler than the room. In a utility room that is often welcome in summer and unnoticeable in a garage. In a space that is part of your living area, the cooler air is something to plan for.
- Condensate drain: pulling heat out of air also pulls moisture out, and the water has to go somewhere. The unit needs a drain or a condensate pump.
- Noise: there is a fan and compressor, so you will hear some sound. A garage or basement tends to hide it better than a closet beside a bedroom.
- Height: the unit is often taller than a standard tank, so ceiling height matters.
- Electrical supply: confirm the circuit and panel capacity before installation.
The installation process
Replacement is usually a one-visit job when the space and connections are ready, but the planning beforehand matters most.
- Inspect the current water heater location, clearances and electrical supply.
- Confirm the room has the airflow and volume the manufacturer requires.
- Shut off and drain the old unit, then remove it.
- Set the new unit, connect water lines, relief valve, electrical supply and condensate drain.
- Fill the tank, check for leaks, set the controls and test the hot water.
- Walk through the modes and how to read the display.
Why call Rocket for a heat pump water heater
Rocket is a locally owned West Jordan team, Bill and Kyle Bashford, that installs heat pump water heaters alongside tank and tankless units. You can schedule online, call or text.
Frequently asked questions
How is a heat pump water heater different from a regular electric one?
A regular one makes heat with an element. A heat pump unit moves heat from the surrounding air into the water, and keeps elements only as backup.
Where can a heat pump water heater be installed?
In a space with enough surrounding air and clearance, such as a garage, basement or large utility room. The manufacturer lists the minimum room size.
Does it make noise?
Yes, a fan and compressor run when it heats. It is usually modest, but placing it away from bedrooms helps.
Why does it need a drain?
It pulls moisture from the air as it takes heat, and that water collects as condensate. It has to drain away or be pumped out.
Is it a good match for solar panels?
Yes. It runs on electricity, so solar production can offset the power it uses. Your system size and habits decide how much.
